On this page12 sections
- The short version
- Key findings
- 1. The Australian hiring market in Q4 2026
- 2. What a local hire really costs
- 3. The Philippines talent pool
- 4. Four ways to hire offshore, and what each costs over three years
- 5. Key considerations when hiring offshore
- 6. AI and the offshore role
- 7. Recommendation
- Methodology
- Disclaimer
- Sources and notes
The short version
Offshore hiring is a strong option for Australian service businesses in late 2026, and for most small and medium businesses the best way to do it is to hire directly, through a recruiter that charges a one-time fee. The case is not that Australia has run out of workers. Unemployment has drifted up to 4.6%, and the government’s own 2025 Occupation Shortage List rates almost every clerical and administrative occupation as not in national shortage. The case is cost, capacity and quality. Award wages rose 4.75% on 1 July 2026, labour productivity has barely moved in five years, and an $80,000 back-office hire costs about $93,600 a year once super, leave loading, workers’ compensation and long service leave are counted, before you pay for a desk or a recruiter. Small firms also find hiring harder than larger ones: 50% of employers with 5–19 staff reported recruitment difficulty in August 2026, against 39% of larger firms. The Philippines offers a labour force of 52.6 million, high English proficiency, a working day only two or three hours behind Sydney, and market salaries of roughly A$365 to A$980 a month for the roles service businesses hire most. Over three years, one offshore hire paid A$1,000 a month costs about A$41,000 through a direct-hire recruiter such as Tarino, compared with about A$74,000 through a global employer of record (before any recruiting cost), about A$84,000 through a managed provider, and about A$295,000 for the local equivalent. Like any hiring model, direct hire works best with a clear agreement, sensible data security and an outage plan set up from the start, and Section 5 covers each of these.
Key findings
50% vs 39%
In August 2026, 50% of Australian employers with 5–19 staff reported difficulty recruiting, against 39% of employers with 20 or more staff. Small firms were also more likely to have a vacancy still open after a month (40% vs 32%).1
Source: JSA, REOS, Aug 2026 data file
4.75%
Modern award minimum wages rose 4.75% from 1 July 2026. The National Minimum Wage rose about 6.0%, to $1,004.90 a week.2,3
Source: Fair Work Commission, Annual Wage Review 2026; Fair Work Ombudsman
0.1% vs 3.3%
Non-farm labour productivity grew 0.1% over the year to the March quarter 2026, while unit labour costs grew 3.3%.4
Source: RBA, Statement on Monetary Policy, Aug 2026
$93,602 to $109,119
The yearly cost of an $80,000 back-office hire in NSW: first with statutory and award on-costs only (1.17 times salary), then with a Sydney CBD desk and a recruitment fee spread over three years (1.36 times salary).
Source: Our model in Section 2
52.6 million, ranked 28th
The Philippine labour force in August 2026 (preliminary), with 5.3% unemployment and 11.9% underemployment.5,6 The Philippines ranks 28th of 123 countries for English proficiency, in the “High” band.7
Source: PSA, Labor Force Survey, Aug 2026 (preliminary); EF EPI 2025
A$365 to A$980 a month
The range of Philippine market salaries on JobStreet PH (October 2026), from a virtual assistant at the low end to a software developer at the top.8
Source: JobStreet PH role salary pages, Oct 2026
A$41,000 vs A$83,700
The three-year cost of one offshore hire on A$1,000 a month: hired directly through a one-time-fee recruiter, against a managed provider charging A$1,099 a month plus A$1,200 per hire. The same three years for an $80,000 local hire comes to about A$294,800.
Source: Our model in Section 4
2 of 65
The number of clerical and administrative occupations rated as in national shortage in the 2025 Occupation Shortage List.9 The honest case for hiring offshore is cost, capacity and talent quality, not local scarcity.
Source: JSA, 2025 Occupation Shortage List
1. The Australian hiring market in Q4 2026: looser overall, still hardest for small firms
The national labour market has loosened steadily since its 2022 peak, but it has not turned slack. For a small business owner, the picture that matters is narrower than the headlines: hiring is still harder for small firms and for skilled roles, wages are rising faster than output, and every local hire now carries a bigger fixed cost than it did two years ago.
More candidates and fewer vacancies, but demand is still well above 2019
Trend unemployment was 4.6% in September 2026 (4.7% seasonally adjusted), up from about 3.5% in September 2022.10,11 Employment is still growing: trend employment rose 1.4% over the year to 14.83 million people, and it is about 1.14 million (8.3%) higher than four years earlier.11 The Reserve Bank still described the market as “a little tight” in August, with unemployment below its estimate of full employment.4
Vacancies tell a similar story. There were 325,000 job vacancies in August 2026, 31.2% below the May 2022 peak but still 43% above February 2020.12,13 Online job ads were 212,400 in August, up 4.8% over the year and about 25% above the 2019 monthly average.14,15 Clerical and administrative ads went the other way, falling 2.5% over the year.15 Vacancies in professional, scientific and technical services fell from 38,400 in May 2025 to 29,500 in August 2026 (original series).12
Business surveys point to softer hiring ahead. NAB’s September 2026 survey recorded its employment index at “its lowest level in five years”, with business confidence at −13.16
Fig. 1 Source: ABS, Job Vacancies, Australia, Table 1 (6354.0), Feb 2020 to Aug 2026 [13]
Small businesses and skilled roles carry the hiring pain
The government’s Recruitment Experiences and Outlook Survey (REOS), which covers employers with five or more staff, shows recruitment difficulty falling from a peak of 75% in July 2022 to 45% in August 2026. That August figure was up 5 points on a year earlier and the highest since March 2026.17,1 The gap between small and larger firms has persisted the whole way down. In August 2026, 50% of firms with 5–19 staff reported difficulty, against 39% of firms with 20 or more staff, and 40% of small firms still had a vacancy unfilled after a month, against 32% of larger firms.1
Skill level matters too. More than half of employers recruiting for higher-skilled occupations reported difficulty (55%), against about a third of those hiring for lower-skilled roles (34%).17,1 The government’s vacancy fill rate fell to 68.2% in the March 2026 survey, after hovering around 70% through 2025, and the government noted that “recruitment conditions weakened across both metropolitan and regional Australia”.18
Fig. 2 Source: JSA, Recruitment Experiences and Outlook Survey (REOS), Aug 2026 data file [1]
Small businesses dominate the economy, so this gap is not a niche issue. Of the 996,203 Australian businesses with staff at 30 June 2026, 922,512 (92.6%) had 1–19 people.19 The Australian Small Business and Family Enterprise Ombudsman reports that only 3% of surviving self-employed businesses took on staff in 2023-24, the lowest rate since records began in 2007-08. It points to “challenges accessing suitably qualified staff” and “increasing and more complex employer responsibilities”.20 In a separate submission, the Ombudsman cites COSBOA’s 2025 survey, in which 43% of small businesses said they had trouble finding suitable staff.21
Two caveats apply. The REOS does not survey businesses with fewer than five staff, so there is no government hiring-difficulty figure for micro businesses. And the REOS asks whether hiring was difficult, not why, so it cannot separate a thin candidate pool from a candidate pool the business cannot afford.
The shortage list says admin is not scarce, and that changes the argument
Jobs and Skills Australia’s 2025 Occupation Shortage List, the latest edition as at 19 October 2026, found 29% of occupations in national shortage, down from 33% in 2024 and a 36% peak in 2023.22 Shortages are concentrated in trades (almost one in two occupations) and some professions (39%). “No occupations in the Clerical and Administrative Workers, Sales Workers, or Labourers occupational major groups were in persistent shortage.”22 By our count of the 2025 list, only 2 of 65 clerical and administrative occupations are rated in national shortage: Conveyancer and Clinical Coder.9
For the roles service businesses most often hire, the national rating is “no shortage”: bookkeeper, accounts clerk, payroll clerk, law clerk, legal secretary, credit or loans officer, finance broker, general and management accountant, marketing specialist, software engineer, receptionist, personal assistant, office manager and general clerk. The professional roles that are in national shortage include taxation accountant, external auditor, solicitor, conveyancer, software tester and several cyber security occupations.9 Jobs and Skills Australia has also observed that clerical and administrative roles have more applicants than they need, suggesting some applicants would be better matched to other work.18
This matters for how you think about offshore hiring. If you are hiring a bookkeeper, a loan processor or an executive assistant, the government data says you can probably find one locally. The reasons to look offshore are different: what that person costs, how long a small firm takes to land a good one, and how much talent you can buy for the same budget. The rest of this guide makes that case on those terms.
Fig. 3 Source: JSA, 2025 OSL Key Findings Report; by major group, our count of the 2025 OSL (ANZSCO 2022 basis) [22] [9]
Wages are rising faster than output
The Wage Price Index rose 3.2% over the year to the June quarter 2026, down from its 4.3% peak in December 2023 but well above the 2.3% recorded in June 2019.23 Average full-time ordinary earnings reached $2,083.70 a week in May 2026 (about $108,350 a year), up 3.7%.24
The minimum floor moved faster. The Fair Work Commission’s 2026 Annual Wage Review lifted modern award minimum wages by 4.75% from 1 July 2026, and a structural adjustment for the lowest-paid classifications took the National Minimum Wage to $1,004.90 a week ($26.44 an hour), about 6.0% above the previous $948.2,3 About 21.1% of all employees are paid at an award minimum, and administrative and support services is one of the four most award-reliant sectors. Small businesses (1–19 staff) are over-represented: 30.5% of award-reliant employees work in them, against 24.0% of all employees.2,25 The Reserve Bank has heard from firms that the decision is also feeding into pay talks for staff who are not on awards.4
Output has not kept pace. Non-farm labour productivity grew just 0.1% over the year to the March quarter 2026, and the RBA notes its level “is slightly lower than it was prior to the pandemic”. Unit labour costs grew 3.3% over the same year.4 The Fair Work Commission put it bluntly: “over the last five years, there has been no overall growth in productivity”.25 Business owners feel it. Wage costs were again the top issue weighing on confidence in NAB’s June quarter 2026 survey, and about three-quarters of firms (76.1%) still named labour as a significant constraint on output.26
When wages rise about 3% a year and output per worker does not, each local hire costs more for the same work every year. That is the structural pressure behind the interest in offshore hiring, and it does not depend on a shortage.
Fig. 4 Source: ABS, Wage Price Index, June 2026; RBA, Statement on Monetary Policy, Aug 2026 [23] [4]
Remote work is already normal in Australian offices
In August 2025, 36% of employed Australians usually worked from home, up from 32.1% in August 2019, and the figure has been stable since 2023. Among managers and professionals it was 59%.27 Most Australian service businesses already manage people they do not see every day. That does not prove offshore staff will fit every business, but it removes the biggest practical barrier: you already have the habits and tools to manage remote work.
2. What a local hire really costs: $1.17 to $1.43 for every salary dollar
An advertised salary is the smallest number in a hiring decision. Below is a line-by-line model for a full-time back-office role on an $80,000 base salary in NSW for the 2026-27 financial year. We chose $80,000 because it sits inside the range of official and advertised medians for the roles our readers hire most. Official ABS data (via Jobs and Skills Australia, May 2025) puts median full-time earnings at $72,800 for bookkeepers, $74,984 for accounting clerks, $83,512 for payroll clerks, $93,912 for credit and loans officers and $95,264 for personal assistants.28 SEEK’s October 2026 advertised medians are $82,500 for bookkeepers, $87,500 for payroll officers, $80,000 for paralegals and marketing coordinators, and $100,310 for executive assistants.29 Wages have grown about 3.2% since the ABS survey date.23
| Line item | Basis | Annual cost | % of base |
|---|---|---|---|
| Base salary | Illustrative market salary | $80,000 | 100.0% |
| Superannuation guarantee | 12% of qualifying earnings, 2026-2730 | $9,600 | 12.0% |
| Annual leave loading | 17.5% on 4 weeks’ leave (Clerks Award cl. 32.3)31 | $1,077 | 1.3% |
| Workers’ compensation | NSW scheme average 1.99%, an upper bound for office roles32 | $1,592 | 2.0% |
| Long service leave provision | 1/60 of service (Victorian rate used as a proxy)33 | $1,333 | 1.7% |
| Subtotal: statutory and award on-costs | $93,602 | 117.0% | |
| Office desk, Sydney CBD prime | $868/m² net effective rent34 × 12.5 m² per work-point35 | $10,850 | 13.6% |
| Recruitment fee, spread over 3 years | 17.5% of salary (commercial estimate, see below) ÷ 3 | $4,667 | 5.8% |
| Total, below the payroll tax threshold | $109,119 | 136.4% | |
| Payroll tax (only above NSW’s $1.2m threshold) | 5.45% × (base + super)36 | $4,883 | 6.1% |
| Total, above the payroll tax threshold | $114,002 | 142.5% |
Fig. 5 Source: our model, line by line in the table below, using the cited rates
A few notes on the lines. Super is 12% in 2026-27 and is legislated to stay there, but from 1 July 2026 it must be paid with every pay run and reach the fund within seven business days (Payday Super). The ATO’s free Small Business Superannuation Clearing House closed on 30 June 2026, so small employers who relied on it now need a paid payroll or clearing product.30,37 Payroll tax only applies once total Australian wages pass the state threshold, which ranges from $1.0 million in Victoria and Western Australia to $2.5 million in the Northern Territory. Most firms with fewer than about 10–15 staff on salaries like these pay none.36 Workers’ compensation is shown at the NSW scheme average; clerical and professional office rates are usually lower, so treat this line as conservative.32 Office space assumes prime CBD rent; suburban or B-grade space costs less, and this line excludes outgoings, fit-out and utilities.34 We have not included equipment or software, because we found no authoritative Australian benchmark for them.
Our same model for Victoria (1.8% WorkCover average, 4.85% payroll tax above $1 million, Melbourne CBD rent) comes to about $103,100 below the payroll tax threshold and about $107,500 above it (1.29 to 1.34 times salary), mostly because Melbourne desks are cheaper.
The hidden costs: paid days off, slow hiring and the wrong hire
Leave and public holidays are already inside the salary, but they change what each working day costs. A full-timer gets four weeks of annual leave, ten days of personal and carer’s leave and, in NSW in 2026, about nine weekday public holidays.38 That is about 39 paid non-working days out of roughly 260, so each productive day costs about 18% more than the daily base rate. (This assumes personal leave is fully used; many people use less.)
Finding the person is a cost in itself. No government body publishes Australian recruitment fees, time-to-hire or bad-hire costs, so the figures below are commercial and indicative. Agency placement fees are commonly quoted at 15–25% of first-year salary ($12,000–$20,000 on an $80,000 role).39 In a Robert Half poll, more than half of Australian employers said they take five weeks or more to fill a permanent role.40 Add a typical notice period of two to four weeks and a role is often empty for two months or more. SEEK-commissioned research with more than 950 small businesses (February 2026) put the measurable cost of a wrong hire at $19,215, or 21% of salary, and found that wrong hires lasted 11–14 months against close to three years for the right ones.41
Exit costs are lower for small firms than many owners assume. Businesses with fewer than 15 employees generally do not have to pay National Employment Standards redundancy pay, though notice of one to five weeks still applies.42
Three years of one local hire
Holding salary flat for comparison with Section 4, three years of the $80,000 hire costs about $294,800 in statutory and award on-costs plus a one-off 17.5% recruitment fee ($93,602 × 3 + $14,000). With a Sydney CBD desk it is about $327,400, and above the payroll tax threshold about $342,000.
3. The Philippines talent pool: large, English-speaking and on Australian hours
The Philippines is the most common destination for Australian offshore hiring, and the data explains why. It combines scale, strong English, a mature services industry and a time zone that lets staff work an Australian business day in daylight hours.
A large labour market with spare capacity
The Philippine labour force was 52.56 million in August 2026 (preliminary). Unemployment was 5.3% (2.77 million people), up from 3.9% a year earlier, and underemployment was 11.9%, meaning about 5.9 million people with jobs wanted more work.5,6 Together that is roughly 8.7 million people either looking for work or wanting more of it. Higher education output has also grown: the chair of the Commission on Higher Education reported graduates rising from 277,000 in 2020-21 to 805,000 in 2023-24, although the starting year was depressed by the pandemic.43
The country’s IT and business process management (IT-BPM) industry earned about US$40.3 billion in 2025 and has about 1.9 million workers, growing faster than the global industry.44,45 That industry has trained a large pool of people in Western business processes, software and client communication. It is also under pressure. In July 2026 the industry body, IBPAP, cut its 2028 revenue outlook to US$43.3–50.5 billion (from an earlier US$59 billion target), citing AI’s effect on some entry-level work, slower buyer decisions and new competitor countries.45 Section 6 explains what that means for the roles you hire.
More than 250 major Australian companies already operate in the Philippines, with more than 41,000 Filipino staff across business process outsourcing, banking, telecommunications, energy and other sectors. Australia’s two-way trade with the Philippines was A$10.8 billion in 2025, and the two countries have been strategic partners since September 2023.46
English is an official language, and it shows
English is one of two official languages under the Philippine Constitution.47 The Philippines ranks 28th of 123 countries in the EF English Proficiency Index 2025, with a score of 569 (global average 488), in the “High” band and second in Asia after Malaysia.7 The index is based on people who took EF’s test, not a random sample, and the Philippine speaking sub-score (539) is lower than writing (603), so a spoken-English interview remains worth doing for client-facing roles.7 In Australia, 97.6% of the 293,892 Philippines-born residents counted in the 2021 Census spoke only English or spoke it well or very well.48 More than 400,000 Australians have Filipino heritage, the fifth-largest migrant community.46
A working day that overlaps yours
Manila is on UTC+8 with no daylight saving, so it is 2 hours behind Sydney in winter and 3 hours behind during daylight saving (4 October 2026 to 4 April 2027).49 A Sydney 9-to-5 day is 6am to 2pm or 7am to 3pm in Manila. Your hire works daytime hours, not the night shifts common in US-facing call centres. No other major offshore market combines that overlap with a comparable level of English.
| Country | English proficiency, EF EPI 2025 (rank, score, band) | Hours behind Sydney (AEST / AEDT) |
|---|---|---|
| Philippines | 28th, 569, High | 2 / 3 |
| South Africa | 13th, 602, Very high | 8 / 9 |
| Vietnam | 64th, 500, Moderate | 3 / 4 |
| Sri Lanka | 73rd, 486, Low | 4.5 / 5.5 |
| India | 74th, 484, Low | 4.5 / 5.5 |
| Colombia | 76th, 480, Low | 15 / 16 |
| Mexico | 103rd, 440, Very low | 16 / 17 |
Sources: EF EPI 2025;7 standard UTC offsets against Sydney daylight saving dates.49
Fig. 6 Source: EF English Proficiency Index 2025; standard UTC offsets against Sydney daylight saving dates [7] [49]
South Africa has stronger English scores but works an eight-to-nine-hour gap. India has a far larger technology industry but lower English scores and a wider time gap. Latin American markets are built for US hours.
Infrastructure: good internet, but plan for power
Ookla’s August 2026 index puts median Philippine fixed broadband at 114 Mbps down and 105 Mbps up (62nd globally), close to the global median of about 130 Mbps.50 That is ample for cloud accounting, practice management software and video calls.
Power is the weaker link in 2026. The Philippine Government declared a national energy emergency on 24 March 2026, tied to the Middle East conflict, and temporarily let economic-zone businesses move up to 90% of staff to work from home.51 Philstar reported red alerts and rotating brownouts on the Luzon grid on 12–14 May 2026, and the Daily Tribune reported red alerts on the Visayas and Mindanao grids in early September.52 Section 5 covers how to plan for this.
What Filipino professionals are paid
The salary figures in this guide are Philippine market salaries from JobStreet PH, based on pay disclosed in Philippine job ads (October 2026). They are not recruiter rates or fully loaded costs. Pesos are converted at the Reserve Bank’s 16 October 2026 rate of A$1 = ₱43.78.53
| Role | JobStreet PH monthly band (₱) | A$ per month (approx.) | Nearest Australian median, for context |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual assistant | 16,000–25,000 | 365–570 | $65,000 (SEEK, virtual assistant) |
| Administration assistant | 18,000–23,000 | 410–525 | $74,776 (ABS, general clerks) |
| Customer service representative | 23,000–27,000 | 525–615 | $73,528 (ABS, contact centre workers) |
| Bookkeeper | 23,000–33,000 | 525–755 | $72,800 (ABS); $82,500 (SEEK) |
| Legal assistant | 22,000–30,000 | 500–685 | $69,940 (ABS, court and legal clerks) |
| Digital marketing assistant | 22,000–29,000 | 500–660 | $87,500 (SEEK, digital marketing specialist) |
| Executive assistant | 25,000–35,000 | 570–800 | $95,264 (ABS, personal assistants) |
| Accountant | 30,000–40,000 | 685–915 | n/a |
| Software developer | 33,000–43,000 | 755–980 | $131,924 (ABS); $96,500 (SEEK) |
Sources: JobStreet PH role salary pages, October 2026;8 ABS median full-time weekly earnings, May 2025, via Jobs and Skills Australia, annualised;28 SEEK advertised salaries, October 2026.29 The Australian column is context only: roles and seniority do not map exactly.
Fig. 7 Source: JobStreet PH role salary pages, Oct 2026, at ₱43.78 per A$1 (RBA, 16 Oct 2026) [8] [53]
For scale, Metro Manila’s minimum wage for non-agricultural workers rose to ₱755 a day on 26 September 2026, about ₱16,400 or A$375 a month on a five-day week.54 Experienced specialists earn more than these bands: JobStreet’s location averages for certified public accountants run from about ₱45,000 to ₱76,500 a month.8
Throughout this guide we model an offshore hire on A$1,000 a month (about ₱43,800). That is at the top of JobStreet’s October 2026 band for software developers and above the bands for accountants and executive assistants. In other words, it assumes you pay at the top of the local market to attract and keep good people. We also show A$1,500 a month for senior or specialist hires.
Statutory costs if the person is an employee
If a Filipino worker is legally an employee, the employer must pay a 13th-month salary (one-twelfth of basic annual salary, due by 24 December) under Presidential Decree 851.55 The employer also pays social contributions: SSS at 10% of the monthly salary credit (capped at a ₱35,000 credit), PhilHealth at 2.5% of salary and Pag-IBIG at 2% of up to ₱10,000.56 At ₱30,000 a month these add about ₱6,480 a month, or about 21.6% on top of salary. At our A$1,000 benchmark they add about A$194 a month. A genuine independent contractor is not an employee, so these are not legal requirements; Section 5 covers choosing the engagement structure.
What Filipino professionals want
The best large survey is dated but clear. In BCG and The Network’s “Decoding Global Talent” survey of more than 15,000 Filipinos (circa 2020-21, published by JobStreet), 49% said they would prefer a career working remotely for a foreign country, and Australia was among the top destinations.57 We found no rigorous 2025-26 survey comparing Filipino workers’ preference for direct remote roles over BPO jobs, and we have left out the many unsourced vendor statistics on this topic.
4. Four ways to hire offshore, and what each costs over three years
There is no government statistic on how many Australian small businesses use offshore staff. The most recent Australian data is a vendor survey: in ConnectOS’s September 2026 survey of 214 organisations already using or considering offshore staff (98% headquartered in Australia), 62% already had offshore arrangements and the Philippines was the most common destination (36%), ahead of India (26%).58 Because the sample only includes firms already interested, it is not a measure of how common offshoring is.
Whichever country you choose, there are four ways to hire, and providers price them in different units. The fair way to compare them is the total cost of one person over three years, which is what the table below does.
- 1
Freelance marketplaces (do it yourself)
You post the job, screen applicants, hire and pay the person yourself. OnlineJobs.ph charges a subscription (Pro US$69 a month; you can cancel after hiring) and adds no salary markup.59 Upwork charges clients a marketplace fee of up to 7.99% on every payment, plus a contract initiation fee of up to US$14.99.60 It is the cheapest model. It is also the one where all the sourcing, vetting and admin sit with you.
- 2
Managed offshore staffing (a monthly per-seat fee)
A provider recruits the person, is their legal employer, runs payroll and HR, and usually supplies a workstation or office. You direct the work and pay a monthly fee on top of salary for as long as the person works for you. Staff Domain, for example, publishes A$1,099 per person per month plus A$1,200 per hire, with no lock-in and 60 days’ notice.61 Its role pages list what the all-inclusive monthly price covers, including Philippine statutory benefits, 13th-month pay, HMO health cover, a workstation with backup internet, ISO 27001 certified facilities, HR and payroll administration, and a client success manager.62 Several large providers (Cloudstaff, MicroSourcing, Outsourced.ph and Remote Staff) do not publish dollar prices and quote on request.63
- 3
Employer of record (EOR)
An EOR becomes the legal employer in the Philippines, handles contracts, payroll, contributions and tax, and charges a monthly fee. It does not find or vet the person for you. Deel and Remote list EOR from US$599 per employee per month, Oyster US$699 and Multiplier from US$459 (billed annually).64
- 4
Direct hire through a one-time-fee recruiter
A recruiter sources, screens and shortlists candidates. You choose, and then you hire and pay the person directly, with no ongoing fee. Tarino charges $5,000 excluding GST: $250 upfront to start the search and $4,750 when you hire, with no monthly fees or markup and six months of replacement cover.65
Three-year cost of one offshore hire
Assumptions: salary held flat for 36 months; prices exclude GST; US dollar prices converted at the RBA’s 16 October 2026 rate (A$1 = US$0.6947);53 where the person is an employee (managed and EOR rows), Philippine statutory costs are added at about A$194 a month on a A$1,000 salary (SSS, PhilHealth, Pag-IBIG and 13th month); in the direct-hire and marketplace rows the person is engaged as an independent contractor. Excluded from every row: payment and FX fees, equipment, refundable deposits, and your own time.
| Model and published price | Who the person works for | 3-year cost at A$1,000/month | 3-year cost at A$1,500/month |
|---|---|---|---|
| DIY marketplaceOnlineJobs.ph Pro, US$69/month for 3 months while recruiting | You | A$36,298 | A$54,298 |
| DIY marketplaceUpwork, up to 7.99% of every payment + up to US$14.99 per contract | You | A$38,898 | A$58,336 |
| Direct hire, one-time feeTarino, A$5,000 excl. GST | You | A$41,000 | A$59,000 |
| EOR only (you recruit)Deel or Remote, US$599/month + statutory costs | EOR is legal employer | A$74,008 | A$93,958 |
| Managed offshore staffingStaff Domain, A$1,099/month + A$1,200/hire + statutory costs | Provider is legal employer | A$83,731 | A$103,681 |
| Local hire, for comparison$80,000 base, NSW, on-costs + 17.5% recruitment fee, no office | You | A$294,806 | n/a |
Arithmetic for the A$1,000 column: salary 36 × A$1,000 = A$36,000. Statutory costs 36 × A$193.53 = A$6,967. Tarino: 36,000 + 5,000. Staff Domain: 36,000 + 36 × 1,099 + 1,200 + 6,967. Deel: 36,000 + 36 × A$862.2 + 6,967. Prices from the providers’ published pages, checked 19 October 2026.61,64,59,60,65
Fig. 8 Source: our model in the table below; provider prices checked 19 Oct 2026
What the numbers mean
Every offshore model is far cheaper than a local hire. Even the most expensive option in the table, a managed seat with statutory costs, costs about 72% less over three years than the $80,000 local hire. Direct hire costs about 86% less. The Australian and Philippine roles are not identical in every respect (an offshore hire will need training in Australian-specific rules and software), but the gap is large enough to absorb that.
Among models that include professional recruitment, direct hire costs least. At A$1,000 a month, direct hire is about A$42,700 cheaper than a managed seat and about A$33,000 cheaper than a US$599 EOR that does not even include recruiting. The difference is almost entirely the monthly fee: A$39,564 over three years at Staff Domain’s published rate against a single A$5,000 fee. Managed providers do provide things for that fee: an office or workstation, backup internet, health cover, HR and payroll, and the provider acts as the legal employer. That is real value for some firms, and we come back to it in Section 7.
Direct hire costs slightly more than doing it yourself, and buys a lot for the difference. The A$5,000 fee is about A$2,100 more than Upwork’s fees over three years and about A$4,700 more than an OnlineJobs.ph subscription. What it buys is someone else’s sourcing, screening, assessments and interviews, plus a replacement search if it does not work out in the first six months. For an owner whose own time is the scarce resource, that is the cheapest insurance in the table.
A sensitivity worth knowing: if a direct hire leaves after the six-month replacement window and you rehire through the same recruiter, add another A$5,000 (A$46,000 at A$1,000 a month).
Who controls the relationship
Cost is only half the comparison. The other half is who the person really works for. With direct hire and DIY, you are the contracting party: you choose the person, set their pay, decide on raises and control the exit, and there is no provider margin on their pay and no buyout fee if you want to keep them. In managed and EOR models, the provider is the legal employer. That brings payroll, HR and compliance support, but the relationship runs through the provider’s contract,. Every model’s marketing claims better loyalty. No independent study compares retention across them.
5. Key considerations when hiring offshore
A successful offshore hire starts with clear agreements, appropriate systems and a well-managed working relationship. The considerations below can help businesses establish a sound arrangement from the outset. This section provides general information; requirements will depend on your circumstances.
Choosing the engagement structure
Offshore hires are commonly engaged under an independent contractor agreement (ICA), or through an employer of record (EOR) or managed provider that acts as the legal employer in the Philippines. Under Philippine law, whether someone is a contractor or an employee depends on the actual working relationship as well as the agreement. Courts apply a four-fold test: who selects and engages the worker, who pays, who can dismiss, and who controls how the work is done. If a worker’s status is challenged, the business needs to show that the relationship is one of independent contracting (Mendaros v Lazada, 2024).66
In practice, that means choosing a structure that suits the role and making sure day-to-day working practices match it. An ICA can suit a full-time role when the agreement and the working arrangements are set up consistently, for example around agreed services, deliverables and availability. Review both as the role develops, and handle any exit with notice and a fair process. An EOR is another option, for example if you would prefer a Philippine legal employer to run payroll, contributions and HR. The right choice depends on the role and your circumstances, and a Philippine labour lawyer can review your agreement at the start.
13th-month pay and other benefits
For employees in the Philippines, 13th-month pay is a legal entitlement under Presidential Decree 851, alongside employer contributions to SSS, PhilHealth and Pag-IBIG (see Section 3).55 These are not legal requirements for a genuine independent contractor. Some businesses choose to pay a 13th month as an optional benefit, which adds one month’s pay a year (A$1,000 on a A$1,000 monthly rate).
Australian employment law: where the agreement is formed
Engagement structure and contract formation also matter on the Australian side. Under section 35 of the Fair Work Act, an offshore employee of an Australian employer is outside the Act only if they were both engaged outside Australia and engaged to work outside Australia, and where a contract is formed depends on where the acceptance is received. In Sanderson v Brightest Australia Pty Ltd [2026] FWC 1633, the Commission found that a New Zealand-based employee’s contract was formed in Victoria, which gave them access to unfair dismissal remedies.67
Seek advice on the engagement structure and on how and where the agreement is formed, and keep the agreement consistent with how the relationship works in practice.
Intellectual property
Under the Philippine Intellectual Property Code, when a work is commissioned, the person who commissioned it owns the work, but copyright stays with the creator unless there is a written agreement saying otherwise.68
Whichever model you use, include a written IP assignment and confidentiality clause from day one. Where an EOR or managed provider is the legal employer, make sure your contract with the provider passes IP rights on to you.
Privacy and data security
If your business is covered by the Privacy Act, you remain accountable when offshore staff access personal information. Under APP 8 and section 16C, a breach by an overseas recipient is treated as your breach.69 Since December 2024, APP 11.3 has made clear that reasonable security steps include “technical and organisational measures”.70 Businesses with annual turnover of $3 million or less are generally exempt, but health service providers are covered whatever their size. That matters for allied health practices.71 The Philippine Data Privacy Act can also apply to data about Philippine residents.72
The same setup works across hiring models: access through a managed cloud desktop or virtual desktop, multi-factor authentication, least-privilege access and no client data stored on personal devices, with confidentiality and data-handling terms in the agreement. Most businesses can set this up with tools they already pay for.
Power and internet reliability
The 2026 energy emergency and grid alerts described in Section 3 make power the most practical item to plan for this year.51,52 Internet speeds are adequate for office work.50
Make backup power (a UPS or generator access) and a second internet connection (such as a 5G mobile plan) part of the role, and check them at interview. Agree in advance what happens during an outage: which tasks can wait, and who covers urgent client work.
Tax: mostly simple for GST-registered businesses
For most Australian service businesses, paying an offshore worker is straightforward. The ATO’s foreign-resident withholding rules apply to entertainment and sports, construction and casino junket payments, not to ordinary offshore services.73 Super guarantee does not apply to “non-resident employees who work outside Australia”.74 A GST-registered business that imports services generally should not be charged GST and only has to account for reverse-charge GST if it could not claim a full credit.75 Payments are deductible like other business expenses if they relate to earning your income and you keep records.76 On the Philippine side, a professional firm has noted that a worker’s home used continuously for a foreign business could in some cases create a taxable presence, so check this with an adviser if your hire will negotiate or sign contracts on your behalf.77
Retention
The most-quoted Philippine attrition figures come from contact centres: a 2022 industry survey found 31% voluntary and 45% total annual attrition in the BPO industry, down from 60–70% before 2016.78 These figures describe large call-centre floors, not a dedicated hire working day shifts for one Australian business, and no independent study measures attrition for direct hires. What the evidence and common sense support is to pay at the top of the market, give the person a real role with daylight hours, and use the replacement cover window to fix a poor fit early. Tarino reports that more than 95% of its placements are still in the role at six months (Tarino’s own figure).79
Setting up well
Most of the setup above happens once, at the start: an agreement that fits the role, an IP and confidentiality clause, secure access and an outage plan. With clear agreements, appropriate safeguards and ongoing management of the working relationship, an offshore hire can be set up on a sound footing and reviewed as the role grows.
6. AI and the offshore role: hire for judgment, not keystrokes
AI is the other honest caveat in this guide. Jobs and Skills Australia’s 2025 study found that generative AI is more likely to augment work than replace it, but that “the higher potential for automation is concentrated in routine clerical and administrative roles”. About 4% of the workforce is in occupations with high automation exposure and 79% in low-exposure occupations.80 In its long-run modelling, the occupations that lose the most employment by 2050 relative to the base case include general clerks, receptionists, and accounting clerks and bookkeepers.80 The World Economic Forum’s 2025 survey of more than 1,000 large employers lists administrative assistants among the fastest-declining roles.81 Jobs and Skills Australia also linked some business, finance and ICT occupations dropping off the shortage list in 2025 to faster adoption of digital and AI tools.22
The Philippine industry is responding. IBPAP’s revised roadmap targets “2 million AI-enabled digital Filipino workers” and says success will increasingly be measured by “the value every Digital Filipino Worker creates” rather than headcount.45,82
For a small business, the implication is practical. Offshoring a role that is mostly data entry is a short-term saving on work AI will increasingly absorb. Offshoring a role that combines process, judgment and client contact is a long-term gain, and AI makes that person more productive. A bookkeeper who reviews coding exceptions and prepares the BAS file is more valuable than one who keys receipts. A loan processor who chases documents, checks serviceability inputs and keeps clients informed is more valuable than one who re-types forms. Most Australian small businesses are early in this shift: MYOB reported in 2024 that 80% had yet to adopt AI.80
This also favours the direct-hire model. If AI makes each offshore hire more productive, a fixed monthly per-seat fee pays for less and less of the value created, while a one-time fee stays fixed. That is our inference, not a measured result. It also means screening matters more: test candidates on the tools and judgment calls in your actual workflow, not only on typing speed and English.
7. Recommendation: offshore for the right roles, direct hire as the model, Tarino as the partner
Offshore hiring is a strong option for the right roles
The evidence supports hiring offshore for Australian service businesses, for reasons that hold even in a softer labour market. The first is cost: a local $80,000 hire costs $93,600 a year before office or recruiter costs, and more each year as wages outpace productivity, while a Filipino professional paid at the top of the local market costs about A$12,000 a year. The second is small-business hiring difficulty: firms with 5–19 staff report more difficulty and longer vacancies than larger firms. The third is talent quality for the budget: the same money buys an experienced, well-paid professional from a deep, English-speaking pool rather than the cheapest local applicant. The fourth is hours and ties: a two-to-three-hour time difference, daytime working hours and long commercial and community links with Australia.
Offshore is not the right answer for every role. Keep work in Australia when it must be done in person, when a licence or registration attaches to the person doing it, or when the role is mostly routine keying that AI or better software will soon handle. And if your problem is a shortage-list occupation such as taxation accountant or solicitor, note that the shortage is in licensed, locally regulated work. Offshore support can free your Australian professional’s time, but it does not replace them.
Direct hire with a one-time fee is the best model for most SMBs
For a service business hiring one to ten people, direct hire through a one-time-fee recruiter gives the best combination of cost, control and quality. It has the lowest three-year cost of any model that includes professional recruitment: about A$41,000 per hire at A$1,000 a month, against A$74,000–A$84,000 for a global EOR or a managed seat. The relationship is yours: you choose the person, you hire and pay them directly and you set their pay, with no ongoing margin and no buyout fee. The structure is flexible: many roles run well on a well-drafted independent contractor agreement, and an EOR can be added where it suits the role. And quality and early-exit risk sit with the recruiter, through sourcing, vetting and a replacement search if it does not work out, which is exactly what the do-it-yourself route lacks.
To be fair to the alternatives, a managed provider is a reasonable choice if you need a secure, certified office environment, want the provider to handle equipment, HR and payroll entirely, or are building a large team quickly. An EOR alone suits businesses that already know exactly who they want to hire. A marketplace suits owners who have the time and experience to recruit and screen themselves. For most small service businesses, none of those trade-offs is worth the extra A$33,000 to A$45,000 per hire over three years.
Why Tarino
Here is what Tarino offers, using Tarino’s own figures:65,79
| What you get | Tarino’s terms and figures |
|---|---|
| Fee | $250 upfront to start the search and $4,750 when you hire: $5,000 excluding GST. |
| Ongoing cost | No monthly fees or markup. You hire and pay your team member directly. |
| Replacement cover | Six months. If it does not work out, Tarino runs a replacement search for the same role at no extra recruitment fee. |
| Candidate pool | Typically 1,000+ candidates per role, drawn from job advertising, direct headhunting and referrals through vetted local networks in the Philippines. |
| Screening | Of every 1,000 candidates, about 40% pass CV and quality screening, 20% video screening, 10% a practical assessment, 5% a structured interview and 2% finalist review. |
| Shortlist | 3–4 finalists in about two weeks, roughly the top 0.3–0.4% of the starting pool. |
| Retention | More than 95% of placements still in the role at six months. |
| Checks included | Psychometric tests, practical tasks, background checks, independent reference checks, a Shortlist Pack with scorecards, and salary benchmarking so you pay the right rate. |
| Multiple hires | Discounts, generally 20%. |
Fig. 9 Source: Tarino’s own figures, Oct 2026; not independently audited [79]
The retention and funnel figures are Tarino’s internal data, not independently audited. Ask about them on your call, and ask for the salary benchmark for your role.
Practical checklist
- Pick the role. Choose work that can be done remotely, is documented (or can be), and mixes process with judgment. Write down the five outcomes the person will own.
- Apply the AI test. If most of the role is routine keying, automate or streamline it first and hire for what remains.
- Set the salary. Benchmark against the Philippine market and pay at the top of the band for the experience you want. Decide whether to offer a 13th-month payment (a legal entitlement for employees, optional for contractors).
- Choose the structure. Pick an engagement structure that suits the role, such as an independent contractor agreement or an EOR, and make sure day-to-day practice matches it.
- Get the paperwork right. Written IP assignment, confidentiality and data-handling terms, notice and exit process. Get advice on the engagement structure and on where the agreement is formed (Fair Work Act section 35).
- Secure the access. A cloud or virtual desktop, multi-factor authentication, least-privilege access, no client data on personal devices. Check your Privacy Act position, especially if you are a health service provider.
- Plan for outages. Require backup power and a second internet connection, and agree an outage protocol.
- Sort payments and tax. Pay monthly through a reputable transfer service and keep records. Give overseas platforms your ABN and GST registration so you are not charged GST.
- Onboard properly. A 30-60-90 day plan, a daily overlap window, a weekly check-in and outcome-based KPIs. Train on Australian-specific rules and software.
- Use the cover window. Review fit at 30, 60 and 90 days, well inside the six-month replacement period.
Next step
If you have a role in mind, the fastest way to test this guide against your business is a conversation. Book a 30-minute call at tarino.au/book. We will benchmark the salary for your role, walk you through the structure that fits it, and tell you honestly if the role is better kept in Australia.
Methodology
Data cut-off. All sources were checked between 12 and 19 October 2026. The most recent releases available were: ABS Labour Force (September 2026), ABS Job Vacancies (August 2026), JSA Internet Vacancy Index and REOS (August 2026), ABS Wage Price Index (June quarter 2026), ABS Average Weekly Earnings (May 2026), the RBA’s August 2026 Statement on Monetary Policy, the 2025 Occupation Shortage List (no 2026 edition had been published), and the PSA Labor Force Survey (August 2026, preliminary). “Q4 2026” refers to the publication date; most data describes the September quarter or earlier.
Salary basis. Offshore salaries are Philippine market salaries from JobStreet PH role pages (October 2026), which reflect pay disclosed in Philippine job ads. They are not recruiter, agency or fully loaded rates, and they are not Tarino’s own typical salaries for the experienced hires it places. The cost models use A$1,000 a month (top of JobStreet bands for most professional roles) and A$1,500 a month as a sensitivity. Australian salaries come from ABS median full-time earnings (May 2025, via Jobs and Skills Australia) and SEEK advertised salaries (October 2026).
Exchange rates. RBA indicative rates for 16 October 2026: A$1 = ₱43.78 and A$1 = US$0.6947.53 The ECB rate for the same day (A$1 = ₱43.818) gives the same rounded results.
Cost models. The local-hire model and the three-year offshore model are our own arithmetic using the cited rates and published prices. Salaries are held flat over three years in both, so raises would add similar proportions to each. The models exclude equipment, software, payment and FX fees, refundable deposits and the owner’s own time. Philippine statutory costs use SSS at 10% (capped at a ₱35,000 credit, plus ₱30 employees’ compensation), PhilHealth at 2.5%, Pag-IBIG at ₱200 and a 13th month of 1/12 of salary. The SSS rate is taken from a professional firm’s summary of SSS Circular 2024-006; the PhilHealth and Pag-IBIG rates come from payroll guides, as we could not read the agencies’ own circulars. Check the current circulars before relying on them.
Source quality. Government, regulator, tribunal, statute and court sources are preferred throughout. Where we use commercial data (SEEK, Robert Half, Knight Frank, 9CV9, NAB) or vendor data (ConnectOS, provider price pages), the text says so. Some Philippine government pages (PSA) block automated access; their figures were confirmed through the PSA release text as indexed and through news reports of the same release. We have left out figures we could not trace to a named source, including widely repeated statistics on Filipino remote-work preferences, managed-provider savings and attrition claims, and the share of Australian businesses using offshore staff (no independent figure exists).
Tarino figures. Tarino’s fees, guarantee, candidate pool, screening funnel, shortlist timing, retention and multi-hire discount are Tarino’s own figures as supplied in October 2026. They have not been independently audited.
Competitor prices. Published on each provider’s website and checked on 19 October 2026, except where marked. Providers can change prices at any time.
Disclaimer
This report is general information only. It is not legal, tax, financial or employment advice, and it does not take your circumstances into account. Employment, tax and privacy obligations in Australia and the Philippines depend on the facts of each arrangement. Get advice from qualified professionals in both countries before you hire. Figures are current to the dates stated and may change. Tarino is a recruiter and has a commercial interest in the model this report recommends; we have tried to set out the evidence fairly, including where it cuts against us.
© Tarino, October 2026. ABN 56 692 962 351.
Sources and notes
- 1Jobs and Skills Australia, Recruitment Experiences and Outlook Survey, August 2026 data file (monthly series July 2022 to August 2026; published September 2026). Sheets “3.1 Recruitment Difficulty” and “3.3 Unfilled Vacancies”. www.
jobsandskills. ↑gov. au/ sites/ default/ files/ 2026- 09/ recruitment_ insights_ report_ - _ august_ 2026_ data_ file. xlsx - 2Fair Work Commission, Annual Wage Review 2026, Announcement of Decision, 2 June 2026 (rates effective 1 July 2026). www.
fwc. ↑gov. au/ documents/ resources/ annual- wage- review- 2026- decision- announcement. pdf - 3Fair Work Ombudsman, Minimum wages increase from 1 July 2026 (accessed October 2026): www.
fairwork. . Previous NMW of $948.00 a week from FWO media release, 1 July 2025: www.gov. au/ about- us/ workplace- laws/ annual- wage- review/ annual- wage- review- 2026 fairwork. . The 6.0% increase is our calculation. ↑gov. au/ newsroom/ media- releases/ 2025- media- releases/ july- 2025/ 20250701- awr- 2025- media- release - 4Reserve Bank of Australia, Statement on Monetary Policy, August 2026: Economic Conditions (data to the March and June quarters 2026). www.
rba. ↑gov. au/ publications/ smp/ 2026/ aug/ economic- conditions. html - 5Philippine Statistics Authority, Highlights of the August 2026 Labor Force Survey (preliminary), released 7 October 2026. Page blocks automated access; figures confirmed via the indexed release text and news reports. psa.
gov. ↑ph/ statistics/ labor- force- survey/ press- release/ node/ 1684084287 - 6Philstar, “Jobless Pinoys fall to 2.77 million in August”, 8 October 2026 (reporting PSA August 2026 LFS). www.
philstar. ↑com/ business/ 2026/ 10/ 08/ 2561614/ jobless- pinoys- fall- 277- million- august - 7EF Education First, EF English Proficiency Index 2025 (2.2 million test takers, 123 countries and regions), main ranking and Philippines fact sheet. www.
ef. and www.com/ wwen/ epi/ ef. ↑com/ assetscdn/ WIBIwq6RdJvcD9bc8RMd/ cefcom- epi- site/ fact- sheets/ 2025/ ef- epi- fact- sheet- philippines- english. pdf - 8JobStreet PH, role salary pages titled “(October, 2026)”, bands as recorded 14 October 2026 and location averages checked 19 October 2026: ph.
jobstreet. ; ph.com/ career- advice/ role/ virtual- assistant/ salary jobstreet. ; ph.com/ career- advice/ role/ administrative- assistant/ salary jobstreet. ; ph.com/ career- advice/ role/ customer- service- representative- csr/ salary jobstreet. ; ph.com/ career- advice/ role/ bookkeeper/ salary jobstreet. ; ph.com/ career- advice/ role/ legal- assistant/ salary jobstreet. ; ph.com/ career- advice/ role/ digital- marketing- assistant/ salary jobstreet. ; ph.com/ career- advice/ role/ executive- assistant/ salary jobstreet. ; ph.com/ career- advice/ role/ accountant/ salary jobstreet. ; ph.com/ career- advice/ role/ software- developer/ salary jobstreet. ↑com/ career- advice/ role/ certified- public- accountant/ salary - 9Jobs and Skills Australia, 2025 Occupation Shortage List, 6-digit ANZSCO and OSCA (published October 2025; latest edition at 19 October 2026). Counts by major group are our own count of national ratings on the ANZSCO 2022 sheet; they reconcile to JSA’s total of 273 of 916. www.
jobsandskills. ↑gov. au/ sites/ default/ files/ 2025- 10/ 2025% 20Occupation% 20Shortage% 20List% 20- % 206% 20digit% 20ANZSCO% 20and% 20OSCA. xlsx - 10Australian Bureau of Statistics, Labour Force, Australia, September 2026, released 15 October 2026. www.
abs. ↑gov. au/ statistics/ labour/ employment- and- unemployment/ labour- force- australia/ latest- release - 11Australian Bureau of Statistics, Labour Force, Australia, Table 1 (6202.0, September 2026), trend series September 2019 to September 2026. Change since September 2022 is our calculation. www.
abs. ↑gov. au/ statistics/ labour/ employment- and- unemployment/ labour- force- australia/ sep- 2026/ 62020001. xlsx - 12Australian Bureau of Statistics, Job Vacancies, Australia, August 2026, released 1 October 2026 (including industry table, original series). www.
abs. ↑gov. au/ statistics/ labour/ jobs/ job- vacancies- australia/ latest- release - 13Australian Bureau of Statistics, Job Vacancies, Australia, Table 1 (6354.0, August 2026), seasonally adjusted series February 2020 to August 2026. The 43% comparison with February 2020 is our calculation. www.
abs. ↑gov. au/ statistics/ labour/ jobs/ job- vacancies- australia/ aug- 2026/ 6354001. xlsx - 14Jobs and Skills Australia, Internet Vacancy Index, August 2026 data released 23 September 2026. www.
jobsandskills. ↑gov. au/ data/ internet- vacancy- index - 15Jobs and Skills Australia, Vacancy Report, August 2026 (Table 1, occupation groups, seasonally adjusted). www.
jobsandskills. ↑gov. au/ sites/ default/ files/ 2026- 09/ vacancy_ report_ - _ august_ 2026_ - _ jobs_ and_ skills_ australia. pdf - 16NAB, Monthly Business Survey, September 2026, released 13 October 2026. www.
nab. ↑com. au/ content/ dam/ nab/ documents/ news/ Sep% 20Bus% 20Survey. pdf - 17Jobs and Skills Australia, Recruitment Insights Report, August 2026 (REOS; employers with five or more staff; not seasonally adjusted). www.
jobsandskills. ↑gov. au/ sites/ default/ files/ 2026- 09/ recruitment_ insights_ report_ - _ august_ 2026. pdf - 18Jobs and Skills Australia, Occupation Shortage Report archive and Employer Activity Insights summaries (vacancy fill rates March 2024 to March 2026; March 2026 summary released 3 June 2026; June 2025 summary on clerical applicant surplus). www.
jobsandskills. ↑gov. au/ research/ occupation- shortage- report - 19Australian Bureau of Statistics, Counts of Australian Businesses, including Entries and Exits, July 2022 to June 2026, released 18 August 2026. The 92.6% share is our calculation. www.
abs. ↑gov. au/ statistics/ economy/ business- indicators/ counts- australian- businesses- including- entries- and- exits/ latest- release - 20Australian Small Business and Family Enterprise Ombudsman, Contribution to Australian Employment (data for 2023-24; published 2025). www.
asbfeo. ↑gov. au/ sites/ default/ files/ 2025- 11/ Contribution% 20to% 20Australian% 20Employment. pdf - 21Australian Small Business and Family Enterprise Ombudsman, submission to the Joint Standing Committee on Migration inquiry into the value of skilled migration, January 2026, citing COSBOA Small Business Perspectives 2025 (secondary citation; the COSBOA report itself was not reviewed). www.
asbfeo. ↑gov. au/ sites/ default/ files/ 2026- 02/ 260112% 20SB% 20- % 20Joint% 20Standing% 20Committee% 20inquiry% 20into% 20the% 20value% 20of% 20skilled% 20migration. pdf - 22Jobs and Skills Australia, 2025 Occupation Shortage List Key Findings Report (October 2025). www.
jobsandskills. ↑gov. au/ sites/ default/ files/ 2026- 04/ 2025% 20OSL% 20Key% 20Findings% 20Report. pdf - 23Australian Bureau of Statistics, Wage Price Index, Australia, June 2026, released 19 August 2026. www.
abs. ↑gov. au/ statistics/ economy/ price- indexes- and- inflation/ wage- price- index- australia/ latest- release - 24Australian Bureau of Statistics, Average Weekly Earnings, Australia, May 2026, released 13 August 2026. Annualised figure is our calculation. www.
abs. ↑gov. au/ statistics/ labour/ earnings- and- working- conditions/ average- weekly- earnings- australia/ latest- release - 25Fair Work Commission, Annual Wage Review 2025–26 [2026] FWCFB 3500, 2 June 2026 (award reliance data from ABS Employee Earnings and Hours, May 2025; productivity at para [135]). www.
fwc. ↑gov. au/ documents/ resources/ 2026fwcfb3500. pdf - 26NAB, Quarterly Business Survey, Q2 2026 (June quarter 2026; labour constraint not seasonally adjusted). www.
nab. ↑com. au/ content/ dam/ nab- email- composer/ nabmarketsresearchembargo/ economics/ pdf/ 2026q2% 20NAB% 20Qtly% 20Business% 20Survey% 20m3. pdf - 27Australian Bureau of Statistics, Working Arrangements, August 2025, released 12 December 2025. www.
abs. ↑gov. au/ statistics/ labour/ earnings- and- working- conditions/ working- arrangements/ latest- release - 28Jobs and Skills Australia, occupation profiles, “Median full-time earnings per week” (ABS Survey of Employee Earnings and Hours, May 2025, customised report). Annual figures are weekly × 52. Bookkeepers: www.
jobsandskills. ; Accounting Clerks: www.gov. au/ data/ occupation- and- industry- profiles/ occupations- anzsco/ 5512- bookkeepers jobsandskills. ; Payroll Clerks: www.gov. au/ data/ occupation- and- industry- profiles/ occupations- anzsco/ 5511- accounting- clerks jobsandskills. ; Credit and Loans Officers: www.gov. au/ data/ occupation- and- industry- profiles/ occupations- anzsco/ 5513- payroll- clerks jobsandskills. ; Personal Assistants: www.gov. au/ data/ occupation- and- industry- profiles/ occupations- anzsco/ 5522- credit- and- loans- officers jobsandskills. ; General Clerks: www.gov. au/ data/ occupation- and- industry- profiles/ occupations- anzsco/ 5211- personal- assistants jobsandskills. ; Call or Contact Centre Workers: www.gov. au/ data/ occupation- and- industry- profiles/ occupations- anzsco/ 5311- general- clerks jobsandskills. ; Court and Legal Clerks: www.gov. au/ data/ occupation- and- industry- profiles/ occupations- anzsco/ 5411- call- or- contact- centre- workers jobsandskills. ; Software and Applications Programmers: www.gov. au/ data/ occupation- and- industry- profiles/ occupations- anzsco/ 5992- court- and- legal- clerks jobsandskills. ↑gov. au/ data/ occupation- and- industry- profiles/ occupations- anzsco/ 2613- software- and- applications- programmers - 29SEEK, role salary pages titled “(October, 2026)”, medians from salaries disclosed in SEEK job ads (commercial data; some ads include super). Bookkeeper: www.
seek. ; Payroll Officer: www.com. au/ career- advice/ role/ bookkeeper/ salary seek. ; Paralegal: www.com. au/ career- advice/ role/ payroll- officer/ salary seek. ; Marketing Coordinator: www.com. au/ career- advice/ role/ paralegal/ salary seek. ; Executive Assistant: www.com. au/ career- advice/ role/ marketing- coordinator/ salary seek. ; Virtual Assistant: www.com. au/ career- advice/ role/ executive- assistant/ salary seek. ; Digital Marketing Specialist: www.com. au/ career- advice/ role/ virtual- assistant/ salary seek. ; Software Developer: www.com. au/ career- advice/ role/ digital- marketing- specialist/ salary seek. ↑com. au/ career- advice/ role/ software- developer/ salary - 30Australian Taxation Office, Super guarantee rates and thresholds (12% for 2026-27 and onwards; page updated 17 April 2026). www.
ato. ↑gov. au/ tax- rates- and- codes/ key- superannuation- rates- and- thresholds/ super- guarantee - 31Fair Work Commission, Clerks—Private Sector Award 2020 [MA000002], clause 32.3 (annual leave loading) and clause 16.1 (minimum rates from 1 July 2026). awards.
fairwork. ↑gov. au/ MA000002. html - 32Comcare, Understanding your 2026-27 Comcare premium (presentation, June 2026), “Other scheme rates” panel: icare NSW 1.99% for 2026-27. www.
comcare. ↑gov. au/ sites/ default/ files/ 2026- 06/ Presentation% 20slides% 20- % 20Understanding% 20your% 202026- 27% 20Comcare% 20premium. pdf - 33Victorian Government, Victoria’s long service leave laws (accrual of one week per 60 weeks of service). www.
vic. ↑gov. au/ long- service- leave - 34Knight Frank, Australian Office Indicators Q2 2026 (commercial research): Sydney CBD prime net effective rent $868/m²; Melbourne CBD $401/m². content.
knightfrank. ↑com/ research/ 2910/ documents/ en/ australian- office- indicators- q2- 2026- 12987. pdf - 35Department of Finance, 2025 Australian Government Office Occupancy Report (national occupational density 12.5 m² per work-point in 2025; a public-sector benchmark). www.
finance. ↑gov. au/ sites/ default/ files/ 2026- 06/ 2025- Australian- Government- Occupancy- Report. pdf - 36Revenue NSW, Payroll tax thresholds and rates ($1,200,000 threshold and 5.45% rate for 1 July 2026 to 30 June 2027; page updated 1 July 2026): www.
revenue. . Other state thresholds from each revenue office for 2026-27, including SRO Victoria (www.nsw. gov. au/ taxes- duties- levies- royalties/ payroll- tax/ lodge- and- pay- returns/ thresholds- and- rates sro. ), WA Government (www.vic. gov. au/ about- us/ rates- and- statistics/ current- rates/ payroll- tax- current- rates wa. ) and NT Treasury (treasury.gov. au/ service/ economic- management/ taxation- services/ calculate- payroll- tax nt. ; NT page confirmed from indexed text only). Staff-count estimates are our calculation. ↑gov. au/ dtf/ territory- revenue- office/ payroll- tax/ payroll- tax- rates- and- thresholds - 37Australian Taxation Office, About Payday Super (from 1 July 2026; page updated 10 August 2026). www.
ato. ↑gov. au/ businesses- and- organisations/ super- for- employers/ about- payday- super - 38Fair Work Ombudsman, Annual leave (www.
fairwork. ), Paid sick and carer’s leave (www.gov. au/ leave/ annual- leave fairwork. ) and 2026 public holidays (www.gov. au/ leave/ sick- and- carers- leave/ paid- sick- and- carers- leave fairwork. ). The count of paid non-working days and the 18% figure are our calculation. ↑gov. au/ employment- conditions/ public- holidays/ 2026- public- holidays - 399CV9, Australia Recruitment Agency Fees 2026 (August 2026; commercial, described by the publisher as indicative market ranges). blog.
9cv9. ↑com/ wp- content/ uploads/ 2026/ 08/ Australia- Recruitment- Agency- Fees- 2026- Infographic. html - 40HCAMag, “Time to hire across Australia now averages 5 weeks”, 17 December 2025 (reporting a Robert Half employer poll; commercial). www.
hcamag. ↑com/ au/ specialisation/ recruitment/ time- to- hire- across- australia- now- averages- 5- weeks/ 560352 - 41SmartCompany, “Wrong hires costing Australian SMEs $7.3 billion a year”, 28 May 2026 (reporting SEEK and Nature research, more than 950 ANZ small businesses surveyed February 2026; commercial). www.
smartcompany. ↑com. au/ people- human- resources/ wrong- hires- costing- australian- smes- 7- 3- billion- year- seek/ - 42Fair Work Ombudsman, Who doesn’t get redundancy pay (small business employer: fewer than 15 employees). www.
fairwork. ↑gov. au/ ending- employment/ redundancy/ who- doesnt- get- redundancy- pay - 43GMA News, “2.3 million Filipino students benefit from free college — CHED”, 27 August 2025 (quoting CHED Chair Shirley Agrupis; graduates AY 2020-21 to AY 2023-24). www.
gmanetwork. ↑com/ news/ topstories/ nation/ 957206/ 2- 3- million- filipino- students- benefit- from- free- college- ched/ story/ - 44Philstar, “IT-BPM revenues breach $40 billion mark”, 29 January 2026 (IBPAP, calendar year 2025). www.
philstar. ↑com/ business/ 2026/ 01/ 29/ 2504140/ it- bpm- revenues- breach- 40- billion- mark/ amp/ - 45Philstar, “IT-BPM industry lowers outlook”, 15 July 2026 (IBPAP roadmap update: 2025 actual, 2026–2028 forecasts). www.
philstar. ↑com/ metro/ 2026/ 07/ 15/ 2542137/ it- bpm- industry- lowers- outlook - 46Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Philippines country brief (trade data for 2025; accessed October 2026). www.
dfat. ↑gov. au/ geo/ philippines/ philippines- country- brief - 471987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines, Article XIV, Section 7 (LawPhil). lawphil.
net/ ↑consti/ cons1987. html - 48Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2021 Census QuickStats: Philippines-born, Australia. The 97.6% figure sums “English only” and “very well or well”. www.
abs. ↑gov. au/ census/ find- census- data/ quickstats/ 2021/ 5204_ AUS - 49timeanddate.com, Daylight saving time changes in Sydney (AEDT 4 October 2026 to 4 April 2027). Other countries’ offsets are standard UTC offsets. www.
timeanddate. ↑com/ time/ change/ australia/ sydney - 50Ookla, Speedtest Global Index: Philippines (August 2026). www.
speedtest. ↑net/ global- index/ philippines - 51Philippine Department of Finance, “FIRB allows temporary WFH for ecozone businesses amid national energy emergency”, 10 April 2026 (EO No. 110, s. 2026, dated 24 March 2026). www.
dof. ↑gov. ph/ firb- allows- temporary- wfh- for- ecozone- businesses- amid- national- energy- emergency/ - 52Philstar, “Brownouts return as Luzon, Visayas grids hit red alert”, 14 May 2026: www.
philstar. ; Daily Tribune, Visayas and Mindanao grid red alert, 3 September 2026: tribune.com/ headlines/ 2026/ 05/ 14/ 2527937/ brownouts- return- luzon- visayas- grids- hit- red- alert- heres- what- terms- mean net. . Both confirmed from indexed article text; the pages were not opened in full. ↑ph/ 2026/ 09/ 03/ visayas- at- mindanao- grid- nasa- red- alert - 53Reserve Bank of Australia, Exchange Rates, F11.1, indicative rates for 16 October 2026 (A$1 = US$0.6947; A$1 = ₱43.78). www.
rba. ↑gov. au/ statistics/ tables/ csv/ f11. 1- data. csv - 54Daily Tribune, “P60 NCR wage hike takes effect today”, 25 September 2026 (Wage Order NCR-28, effective 26 September 2026). Monthly equivalent is our calculation (₱755 × 261 days ÷ 12). tribune.
net. ↑ph/ 2026/ 09/ 25/ p60- ncr- wage- hike- takes- effect- today - 55Presidential Decree No. 851 (13th-month pay), LawPhil. lawphil.
net/ ↑statutes/ presdecs/ pd1975/ pd_ 851_ 1975. html - 56SSS rates (employer 10%, employee 5%, ₱35,000 maximum monthly salary credit, from January 2025): Grant Thornton Philippines summary of SSS Circular 2024-006, www.
grantthornton. . Employer matching of contributions: PwC Worldwide Tax Summaries, Philippines (reviewed 2 July 2026), taxsummaries.com. ph/ insights/ articles- and- updates1/ tax- notes/ sss- implements- revised- contribution- rates- for- 2025/ pwc. . PhilHealth (5% split equally, ₱10,000–₱100,000 base) and Pag-IBIG (2% employer on up to ₱10,000) as used in Team Up Now’s EOR calculator, www.com/ philippines/ individual/ other- taxes teamupnow. (payroll guide; not confirmed on the agencies’ own sites). Worked examples are our calculation. ↑com. au/ eor- calculator - 57JobStreet PH, “Top countries for remote talent to work in” (BCG, The Network and JobStreet Decoding Global Talent survey, circa 2020-21; page updated 4 April 2023). ph.
jobstreet. ↑com/ career- advice/ article/ top- countries- for- remote- talent- to- work- in - 58IT Brief Australia, “Australian firms lose work amid skilled staff shortages”, 2 September 2026 (reporting the ConnectOS State of Offshoring Report, a vendor survey of 214 organisations already using or considering offshore staff). itbrief.
com. ↑au/ story/ australian- firms- lose- work- amid- skilled- staff- shortages - 59OnlineJobs.ph, Pricing (checked 19 October 2026). www.
onlinejobs. ↑ph/ pricing - 60Upwork Help, What is the Client Marketplace Fee? (support.
upwork. ) and Contract Initiation Fee (support.com/ hc/ en- us/ articles/ 4660220468499- What- is- the- Client- Marketplace- Fee upwork. ), checked 19 October 2026. ↑com/ hc/ en- us/ articles/ 26106318334611- What- is- the- Contract- Initiation- Fee- on- Upwork - 61Staff Domain, Scale pricing page: A$1,099 per person per month, recruitment A$1,200 per hire, no lock-in, 60 days’ notice (checked 19 October 2026). www.
staffdomain. ↑com/ solutions/ scale/ - 62Staff Domain, Offshore bookkeeper role page, “All-inclusive monthly pricing” and inclusions list (checked 19 October 2026). www.
staffdomain. ↑com/ build- your- team/ finance- accounting/ bookkeeper/ - 63Cloudstaff AU pricing (www.
cloudstaff. ), MicroSourcing (www.com/ au/ pricing/ microsourcing. ), Outsourced.ph (outsourced.com/ pricing/ ph/ ) and Remote Staff (remotestaff.pricing/ com. ), checked 19 October 2026: no dollar prices published. ↑au/ - 64Deel pricing (www.
deel. ), Remote pricing (remote.com/ pricing com/ ), Oyster pricing (www.pricing oysterhr. ) and Multiplier pricing (www.com/ pricing usemultiplier. ), checked 19 October 2026. Prices shown in US dollars; country-specific Philippine pricing was not verified. ↑com/ pricing - 65Tarino, tarino.
au (pricing, replacement cover and shortlist terms; checked 19 October 2026). ↑ - 66Nicolas & De Vega Law Offices, “Employee vs independent contractor: the dangers of misclassifying remote Philippine workers” (checked 19 October 2026; summarising Mendaros v Lazada E-Services Phil., Inc. (2024) and DOLE Department Order No. 174, s. 2017). ndvlaw.
com/ ↑employee- vs- independent- contractor- the- dangers- of- misclassifying- remote- philippine- workers/ - 67Hall & Wilcox, “Beyond borders: when the Fair Work Act follows your employees overseas”, 10 June 2026 (discussing Sanderson v Brightest Australia Pty Ltd [2026] FWC 1633 and Fair Work Act s 35). hallandwilcox.
com. ↑au/ news/ beyond- borders- when- the- fair- work- act- follows- your- employees- overseas/ - 68Republic Act No. 8293 (Intellectual Property Code of the Philippines), section 178, LawPhil. lawphil.
net/ ↑statutes/ repacts/ ra1997/ ra_ 8293_ 1997. html - 69Office of the Australian Information Commissioner, APP Guidelines, Chapter 8: Cross-border disclosure of personal information (updated 3 October 2025). www.
oaic. ↑gov. au/ privacy/ australian- privacy- principles/ australian- privacy- principles- guidelines/ chapter- 8- app- 8- cross- border- disclosure- of- personal- information - 70Clyde & Co, “Key privacy reforms: the new APP 11.3 and TOMs”, October 2024 (Privacy and Other Legislation Amendment Act 2024; law firm summary). www.
clydeco. ↑com/ en/ insights/ 2024/ 10/ key- privacy- reforms- the- new- app- 11- 3- and- toms - 71Office of the Australian Information Commissioner, Small business ($3 million turnover threshold and exceptions, including health service providers). www.
oaic. ↑gov. au/ privacy/ privacy- for- organisations/ small- business - 72Republic Act No. 10173 (Data Privacy Act of 2012), sections 6 and 21, LawPhil. lawphil.
net/ ↑statutes/ repacts/ ra2012/ ra_ 10173_ 2012. html - 73Australian Taxation Office, Foreign resident PAYG withholding (page updated 3 June 2026). www.
ato. ↑gov. au/ individuals- and- families/ coming- to- australia- or- going- overseas/ australian- income- of- foreign- residents/ foreign- resident- payg- withholding- individual- entities - 74Australian Taxation Office, Work out if you have to pay super (checked 19 October 2026). www.
ato. ↑gov. au/ businesses- and- organisations/ super- for- employers/ work- out- if- you- have- to- pay- super - 75Australian Taxation Office, GST and Australian businesses importing goods and services (page updated 11 September 2025). www.
ato. ↑gov. au/ businesses- and- organisations/ gst- excise- and- indirect- taxes/ gst/ in- detail/ rules- for- specific- transactions/ international- transactions/ australian- business- importing- goods- and- services - 76Australian Taxation Office, Business deductions (page updated 18 June 2026). www.
ato. ↑gov. au/ businesses- and- organisations/ income- deductions- and- concessions/ income- and- deductions- for- business/ deductions - 77Grant Thornton Philippines, “Rules on tax residency and creation of permanent establishment due to effects of COVID-19 measures” (professional firm commentary on BIR guidance). www.
grantthornton. ↑com. ph/ insights/ articles- and- updates1/ tax- notes/ rules- on- tax- residency- and- creation- of- permanent- establishment- due- to- effects- of- covid- 19- measures/ - 78Daily Tribune, “BPO agents’ turnover diminishes: survey”, 28 May 2024 (CCAP Attrition and Retention Survey conducted by Willis Towers Watson; 2022 calendar year). tribune.
net. ↑ph/ 2024/ 05/ 27/ bpo- agents- turnover- diminishes- survey - 79Tarino’s own figures, supplied by Tarino in October 2026 (fees, multi-hire discount, replacement cover, candidate pool and sources, screening funnel, shortlist size and timing, six-month retention, and assessment inclusions). Not independently audited. See tarino.
au ↑ - 80Jobs and Skills Australia, Our Gen AI Transition: Implications for Work and Skills, published 14 August 2025 (reference list cites MYOB 2024 on small-business AI adoption). Report page: www.
jobsandskills. ; PDF: www.gov. au/ publications/ generative- ai- capacity- study- report jobsandskills. ↑gov. au/ download/ 19803/ our- gen- ai- transition- implications- work- and- skills/ 3364/ our- gen- ai- transition/ pdf - 81World Economic Forum, Future of Jobs Report 2025, press release, 8 January 2025 (survey of more than 1,000 companies in 55 economies). www.
weforum. ↑org/ media/ future- of- jobs- report- 2025- 78- million- new- job- opportunities- by- 2030- but- urgent- upskilling- needed- to- prepare- workforces - 82Daily Tribune, “IT-BPM eyes $50B in revenues with AI-enabled workforce”, 14 July 2026 (quoting IBPAP President Jack Madrid). tribune.
net. ↑ph/ 2026/ 07/ 14/ it- bpm- eyes- 50b- in- revenues- with- ai- enabled- workforce
